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NuGet is the most popular package manager for .NET development and is built in to Visual Studio for Mac and Visual Studio on Windows. You can search for and add packages to your Xamarin, .NET Core and ASP.NET projects using either IDE.
This article describes how to include a NuGet package in a project and demonstrates the tool chain that makes the process seamless.
NuGet in Visual Studio for Mac
Install Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 Professional or above OR Install Microsoft Visual Web Developer 2010 Express. Install SQL Server 2008 Express Edition: Install as part of Visual Studio OR Download and install. In November 2016, we introduced Visual Studio for Mac, the newest member of the Visual Studio family. Visual Studio for Mac is a developer environment optimized for building mobile and cloud apps with Xamarin. Thus, if you install Visual Studio Code and.NET Core on a Mac in OS X you can quite freely edit and compile and run and debug and share your code with Visual Studio 2017 on a PC. – DavidMWilliams Feb 2 '17 at 5:16.
To demonstrate the NuGet package functionality, we'll first walk through creating a new application and adding a package to it. Then we'll discuss the IDE features that help manage packages.
Create a new project
First, create a project named HelloNuget as illustrated below. This example shows the iOS Single View Application template, but any supported project type would work:
Adding a Package
With the project open in Visual Studio for Mac, right-click on the Packages folder in the Solution Pad and select Add NuGet Packages:
This launches the Add Packages window. Ensure that the Source drop-down, is set to nuget.org:
When the window opens it loads a list of packages from the default package source: nuget.org. The initial results look like this:
Use the search box in the top-right corner to find a specific package, for example azure mobile. When you have found a package that you wish to use, select it and click the Add Package button to begin installation.
Once the package has been downloaded, it will be added to your project. The solution will change as follows:
- The References node will contain a list of all the assemblies that are part of a NuGet package.
- The Packages node displays each NuGet package that you have downloaded. You can update or remove a package from this list.
- A packages.config file will be added to the project. This XML file is used by the IDE to track which package versions are referenced in this project. This file should not be hand-edited, but you should keep it in version control. Note that a project.json file can be used instead of a packages.config file. The project.json file is a new package file format introduced with NuGet 3, which supports transitive restore. More detailed information on project.json can be found in the NuGet documentation. The project.json file needs to be added manually and the project closed and re-opened before the project.json file is used in Visual Studio for Mac.
Using NuGet Packages
Once the NuGet package has been added and the project references updated, you can program against the APIs as you would with any project reference.
Ensure that you add any required using directives to the top of your file:
Most NuGet provide additional information, such as a README or Project page link to the Nuget source. You can normally find a link to this in the package blurb on the Add Packages page:
Package Updates
Package updates can be done either all at once, by right-clicking on the Packages node, or individually on each component.
Right-click on Packages to access the context menu:
- Add NuGet Packages - Opens the window to add more packages to the project.
- Update - Checks the source server for each package and downloads any newer versions.
- Restore - Downloads any missing packages (without updating existing packages to newer versions).
Update and Restore options are also available at the Solution level, and affect all the projects in the solution.
You can also right-click on individual packages to access a context menu:
- Version Number - The version number is a disabled menu item - it is provided for informational purposes only.
- Update - Checks the source server and downloads a newer version (if it exists).
- Remove - Removes the package from this project and removes the relevant assemblies from the project's References.
Adding Package Sources
Packages available for installation are initially retrieved from nuget.org. However, you can add other package locations to Visual Studio for Mac. This can be useful for testing your own NuGet packages under development, or to use a private NuGet server inside your company or organization.
In Visual Studio for Mac, navigate to Visual Studio > Preferences > NuGet > Sources to view and edit the list of package sources. Note that sources can be a remote server (specified by a URL) or a local directory.
Click Add to set-up a new source. Enter a friendly name and the URL (or file path) to the package source. If the source is a secure web server, enter the username and password as well, otherwise leave these entries blank:
Different sources can then be selected when searching for packages:
Version Control
The NuGet documentation discusses using NuGet without committing packages to source control. If you prefer not to store binaries and unused information in source control, you can configure Visual Studio for Mac to automatically restore packages from the server. This means that when a developer retrieves the project from source control for the first time, Visual Studio for Mac will automatically download and install the required packages.
Visual Studio 2012 Download Full
Refer to your particular source control documentation for details on how to exclude the packages directory from being tracked.